Physiology Quiz: Renal Physiology - Part 3

Physiology Quiz -
Renal Physiology - Part 3

The kidneys are of outstanding importance. They perform a number of homeostatic functions including filtration of plasma and elimination of metabolic waste products, regulation of the composition and volume of the extracellular fluid, and regulation of blood pressure. The kidneys are also endocrine organs. Test your basic knowledge of renal physiology by taking this simple quiz.

(1) Which of the following is true about glucose reabsorption in kidney tubules?

	(A) 90% of the filtered glucose is reabsorbed across the proximal tubule and the rest across the distal tubule
	(B) Glucose entry into the epithelial cells of the kidney tubules through the apical membrane requires direct participation of ATP
	(C) In the absence of Na⁺ in the fluid in the lumen of kidney nephrons, no glucose can be reabsorbed
	(D) The exit of glucose across the basal membrane of kidney nephron cells is by co-transport with Na⁺
	(E) None of the above

(2) At any given level along the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, the osmolarity of the fluid in the lumen is __________ the osmolarity of the surrounding interstitial fluid.

	(A) lower than
	(B) equal to
	(C) higher than

(3) The lowest concentration of plasma glucose that will give rise to the excretion of glucose in urine is approximately:

	(A) 100 mg/dL
	(B) 150 mg/dL
	(C) 200 mg/dL
	(D) 250 mg/dL
	(E) 300 mg/dL

(4) The function of the nephron loop of Henle is to:

	(A) Create a longitudinal medullary concentration gradient in the kidney
	(B) Concentrate urine
	(C) Maintain the longitudinal medullary concentration gradient
	(D) Reabsorb most of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ that is reabsorbed by the kidney tubules
	(E) All of the above

(5) The least concentrated urine that the human kidney can produce is __________ mOsm/kg. Note: Your response should be a whole number.

Posted: Thursday, December 17, 2015
Last updated: Friday, December 18, 2015