Physiology Quiz: Endocrinology - Part 27

Physiology Quiz -
Endocrinology - Part 27

Endocrinology is defined as the study of how chemical messenger molecules, referred to as hormones, influence physiological processes. By definition, a hormone is a signaling molecule that is released into the bloodstream, where the hormone can then travel to distant target cells and tissues within the body. Along with the nervous system, the hormones of the endocrine system provide an important means by which information travels within the body. Test your basic knowledge of the endocrine system by taking this simple quiz.

(1) Based on chemical structure, glucagon belongs to this class of hormones:

	(A) Amine hormones (amino acid derivatives)
	(B) Peptide or protein hormones
	(C) Steroid hormones

(2) Based on chemical structure, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) belongs to this class of hormones:

	(A) Amine hormones (amino acid derivatives)
	(B) Peptide or protein hormones
	(C) Steroid hormones

(3) Amine hormones, also referred to as amino acid-derived hormones, are synthesized from this amino acid:

(4) Paracrine signaling describes a mode of communication in which:

	(A) the chemical messenger molecule is released into the bloodstream and binds to receptors in distant target cells.
	(B) the chemical messenger molecule is released into the surrounding interstitial fluid and binds to receptors in neighboring target cells.
	(C) the chemical messenger molecule is released into the surrounding interstitial fluid and binds to receptors in the very cell that released the messenger molecule.
	(D) the chemical messenger molecule acts intracellularly within the very cell that synthesizes the messenger molecule.

(5) Autocrine signaling describes a mode of communication in which:

	(A) the chemical messenger molecule is released into the bloodstream and binds to receptors in distant target cells.
	(B) the chemical messenger molecule is released into the surrounding interstitial fluid and binds to receptors in neighboring target cells.
	(C) the chemical messenger molecule is released into the surrounding interstitial fluid and binds to receptors in the very cell that released the messenger molecule.
	(D) the chemical messenger molecule acts intracellularly within the very cell that synthesizes the messenger molecule.