Glossary of Physiology Terms
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SR
Definition:
An equation used to calculate the equilibrium potential (
Veq.) of an ion. The equilibrium potential for an ion is also referred to as the Nernst potential for that ion. It is the membrane potential at which no net movement of the ion in question occurs across the membrane.

where
Veq. is the equilibrium potential,
R is the
universal gas constant,
T is the temperature in Kelvin,
z is the valence of the ionic species,
F is the
Faraday's constant, and [
X]
o and [
X]
i are the extracellular and intracellular, respectively, concentrations of the ion in question.
See also:
Resting Membrane Potential - Nernst Equilibrium PotentialDerivation of the Nernst Equation
Definition:
Neurotoxins are chemical molecules that have an adverse effect on neuron function and, thus, disrupt the normal function of the nervous system. Neurotoxins could be small molecules or peptides and can be derived from a variety of invertebrate and vertebrate animals, as well as plant species.
The following is a short list of some examples of neurotoxins:
α-Bungarotoxin: A peptide neurotoxin that inhibits the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
Chlorotoxin: A peptide neurotoxin that inhibits chloride channels.
α-Conotoxin: A peptide neurotoxin that inhibits the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
δ-Conotoxin: A peptide neurotoxin that inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels.
w-Conotoxin: A peptide neurotoxin that inhibits N-type voltage-gated calcium channels.
Picrotoxin: Inhibits GABA
A receptor chloride channels.
Tetrodotoxin: Inhibitor of neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels.
Posted: Sunday, March 31, 2013
Last updated: Friday, August 28, 2015