Physiology Quiz: Renal Physiology - Part 7

Physiology Quiz -
Renal Physiology - Part 7

The kidneys are of outstanding importance. They perform a number of homeostatic functions including filtration of plasma and elimination of metabolic waste products, regulation of the composition and volume of the extracellular fluid, and regulation of blood pressure. The kidneys are also endocrine organs. Test your basic knowledge of renal physiology by taking this simple quiz.

(1) Which of the following functions are performed by the kidneys?

	(A) Regulation of extracellular fluid osmolarity
	(B) Maintenance of ion and solute balance
	(C) Regulation of extracellular fluid pH
	(D) Excretion of waste, and foreign and toxic substances
	(E) Production and secretion of hormones

(2) The kidneys are responsible for producing and secreting, and/or activating the following hormone(s):

	(A) Calcitonin
	(B) Renin
	(C) Erythropoetin
	(D) Vitamin D
	(E) Vasopressin

(3) The glomerulus of the following nephron type resides in the renal cortex.

	(A) Cortical nephron
	(B) Juxtamedullary nephron

(4) The loop of Henle of the following nephron type extends deep in the renal medulla toward the renal pelvis.

	(A) Cortical nephron
	(B) Juxtamedullary nephron

(5) Select the correct sequence of blood flow through renal blood vessels.

	(A) Renal artery → Interlobular arteries → Arcuate arteries → Interlobar arteries → Afferent arterioles → Glomerular capillaries → Efferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries/vasa recta → Interlobar veins → Arcuate veins → Interlobular veins → Renal vein
	(B) Renal artery → Interlobar arteries → Interlobular arteries → Arcuate arteries → Afferent arterioles → Glomerular capillaries → Efferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries/vasa recta → Arcuate veins → Interlobular veins → Interlobar veins → Renal vein
	(C) Renal artery → Interlobar arteries → Arcuate arteries → Interlobular arteries → Afferent arterioles → Glomerular capillaries → Efferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries/vasa recta → Interlobular veins → Arcuate veins → Interlobar veins → Renal vein
	(D) Renal artery → Arcuate arteries → Interlobar arteries → Interlobular arteries → Afferent arterioles → Glomerular capillaries → Efferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries/vasa recta → Interlobular veins → Interlobar veins → Arcuate veins → Renal vein
	(E) Renal artery → Interlobar arteries → Arcuate arteries → Interlobular arteries → Efferent arterioles → Glomerular capillaries → Afferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries/vasa recta → Interlobular veins → Arcuate veins → Interlobar veins → Renal vein